World

New UK finance chief Zahawi inherits economic crisis

Britain’s new finance minister, Iraqi-born Nadhim Zahawi, has inherited a cost-of-living crisis that risks pushing the UK economy into recession. 

The former education minister was parachuted into the Treasury late Tuesday after predecessor Rishi Sunak’s shock resignation over the culture of scandal plaguing Prime Minister Boris Johnson.

Johnson also lost his health minister, Sajid Javid. 

Zahawi takes charge with UK inflation at a 40-year peak of 9.1 percent, a level set to hit double figures this year on soaring energy and food prices according to the Bank of England (BoE).

“I’ve got to make sure we get through… (this) inflation, which can be a really painful thing if we let it get out of control,” the 55-year-old told Sky News Wednesday.

The self-made millionaire co-founded the prominent polling company YouGov and was active in local Conservative politics in London before becoming an MP in 2010.

The BoE on Tuesday warned that the global economic outlook had “deteriorated markedly” owing to runaway prices fuelled by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

The central bank has hiked British interest rates five times since December in a bid to tame inflation.

The UK government has meanwhile sought to ease the financial pain with a raft of measures, including a slight reduction on fuel tax.

However, critics said the moves fall well short of what is needed to help cash-strapped households and businesses.

– ‘Tough decisions’ –

“You don’t go into this job to have an easy life,” Zahawi added Wednesday. 

“You make some tough decisions every day. And sometimes it’s easy to walk away but actually, it’s much tougher to deliver for the country.”

Zahawi denied threatening to quit the government if not given the top Treasury job.

“I want to make sure that not only do we rebuild the economy, we’ve got to grow the economy,” added the new chancellor of the exchequer.

Zahawi refused to comment to reporters as he left a meeting in 10 Downing Street Tuesday, including on whether he would uphold Sunak’s pleas for fiscal discipline against Johnson’s free-spending instincts.

In early London trading Wednesday, the benchmark FTSE 100 stocks index jumped 1.6 percent and the pound steadied against the dollar.

The FTSE had tumbled almost three percent and sterling slumped nearly two percent against the dollar Tuesday on growing fears of a global recession.

“Political risks do not seem to be having a major impact on UK assets,” noted Markets.com analyst Neil Wilson.

“There are far too many bigger things on our minds right now — inflation, the economy slowing down, strikes.”

Britain is in the midst of nationwide strikes — affecting in particular the transport sector — as wages are eroded by the rocketing inflation. 

Teachers and workers in the state-run National Health Service are mulling whether to join aviation, legal, postal and railway staff in walking out.

– Covid vaccine role –

Zahawi won widespread praise for overseeing Britain’s pandemic vaccines rollout.

But like Sunak, his private wealth has drawn adverse attention, including when he claimed parliamentary expenses for heating his horse stables in 2013.

Zahawi was born in Baghdad to a Kurdish family who moved to Britain when he was a child, not speaking any English.

He has credited the poems of Philip Larkin for helping improve his knowledge of the English language before going on to study chemical engineering at University College London.

Zahawi is MP for Stratford-on-Avon, which includes William Shakespeare’s birthplace Stratford-upon-Avon.

July 4 gunman charged with seven counts of murder

A 21-year-old man who allegedly opened fire on a July 4 parade in a Chicago suburb while disguised in women’s clothing was charged with seven counts of first-degree murder on Tuesday, prosecutors said.

Robert Crimo, 21, was arrested Monday, hours after the attack on an Independence Day crowd.

“There will be more charges,” Lake County State’s Attorney Eric Rinehart told reporters. “We anticipate dozens of more charges centered around each of the victims.”

Police spokesman Christopher Covelli said the death toll rose to seven on Tuesday after one of the victims died in hospital. More than 35 people were wounded.

Among the dead were Kevin McCarthy, 37, and his wife, Irina, 35 — the parents of a two-year-old boy who was found wandering alone after the shooting, according to CBS News.

Covelli said no motive had been established for the attack, which sent panicked parade-goers fleeing for their lives.

“We do believe Crimo pre-planned this attack for several weeks,” and that he acted alone, he said.

“We have no information to suggest at this point it was racially motivated, motivated by religion or any other protected status,” he added.

He said Crimo has a history of mental health issues and threatening behavior.

Police had been called to Crimo’s home twice in 2019: once to investigate a suicide attempt and the second time because a relative said he had threatened to “kill everyone” in the family, he said.

Police removed 16 knives, a dagger and a sword from the home but did not make any arrests, he said.

Covelli said Crimo used a fire escape to access the roof of a building overlooking the parade route and fired more than 70 rounds from a rifle “similar to an AR-15” — one of several guns he had purchased legally.

“Crimo was dressed in women’s clothing and investigators believe he did this to conceal his facial tattoos and his identity and help him during the escape with the other people who were fleeing the chaos,” he said.

– ‘Still reeling’ –

Covelli said Crimo went to his mother’s nearby home after the shooting and borrowed her car. He was captured about eight hours later after a brief chase.

He also said the authorities were investigating disturbing online posts and videos made by Crimo.

The shooting has left the upscale suburb in shock.

“We’re all still reeling,” Mayor Nancy Rotering told NBC’s Today show. “Everybody knows somebody who was affected by this directly.”

The mayor said she personally knew the suspected gunman when he was a young boy in the Cub Scouts.

“How did somebody become this angry, this hateful to then take it out on innocent people who literally were just having a family day out?” 

Crimo, whose father unsuccessfully ran for mayor and owns a store in Highland Park called Bob’s Pantry and Deli, was an amateur musician billing himself as “Awake the Rapper.”

The younger Crimo’s online postings include violent content that alluded to guns and shootings.

One YouTube video posted eight months ago featured cartoons of a gunman and people being shot.

“I need to just do it,” a voice-over says.

It adds: “It is my destiny. Everything has led up to this. Nothing can stop me, not even myself.”

Crimo, who has the word “Awake” tattooed over an eyebrow, is seen sporting an “FBI” hat in numerous photos and a Trump flag as a cape in one picture.

The shooting is the latest in a wave of gun violence plaguing the United States, where about 40,000 deaths a year are caused by firearms, according to the Gun Violence Archive.

– ‘Epidemic of gun violence’ –

The deeply divisive debate over gun control was reignited by two massacres in May that saw 10 Black people gunned down at a New York supermarket, and 19 children and two teachers slain at an elementary school in Texas.

Vice President Kamala Harris, who was in Chicago Tuesday for a summit of the nation’s largest teachers’ union, said the Texas shooting was a reminder “of the risks that our children and our educators face every day,” and renewed a call for Congress to ban assault weapons.

Speaking later at the scene of the Highland Park shooting, Harris said: “The whole nation should understand… that this could happen anywhere, in any peace-loving community.”

In another July 4 shooting, two police officers were wounded when they came under fire during a fireworks show in Philadelphia, officials said.

In Highland Park, Emily Prazak, who marched in the parade, described the mayhem.

“We heard the pop, pop, pop, pop, pop, and I thought it was fireworks,” Prazak said.

Cassie Goldstein, another survivor of the attack, told local media she had seen her mother die as they fled the shooting.

“I started running with her, we were next to each other, and he shot her in the chest, and she fell down and I knew she was dead,” the 22-year-old told NBC News.

“So I just told her that I loved her, but I couldn’t stop because he was still shooting everyone next to me.”

Francisco Toledo, whose 78-year-old father Mario was killed in the shooting, told AFP he felt the gunman had been “deceived… by an evil spirit.”

“I have been asked questions: ‘What would you do if you had him here in front of you?’ I wouldn’t ask him anything, I would tell him to repent,” he said. 

President Joe Biden vowed to keep fighting “the epidemic of gun violence.”

Last week, he signed the first significant federal bill on gun safety in decades, just days after the Supreme Court ruled that Americans have a fundamental right to carry a handgun in public.

Spain's labour market buoyed by key reform

Six months after Spain pushed through a key reform aimed at reducing labour market insecurity, the number of temporary contracts has fallen sharply, giving the government some welcome breathing space in a difficult economic context.

Long one of the European nations with the highest number of temporary contracts, Spain saw its unemployment figures fall for the sixth consecutive month in June, with the Labour Minister Yolanda Diaz hailing “historic” data on Monday as evidence of “a paradigm shift”.

By the end of June, the number of jobseekers in Spain stood at 2.88 million down from 2.92 million a month earlier and the lowest monthly figure since the start of the financial crisis in 2008. 

The drop was due to a significant increase in jobs, with 783,595 permanent contacts signed in June, the highest monthly figure ever recorded. 

“This is a record number of permanent contracts, representing more than 44 percent” of the total number of new jobs, she said. 

At this time of the year, when there is a surge of temporary positions in tourism and agriculture, permanent contracts usually only account for 10 percent of new jobs. 

“We have 740,000 more people… with permanent contracts than before the pandemic,” said Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said this week. 

Writing on Twitter, Diaz said the increase “clearly shows the effect of the labour reform.”

But she cautioned: “There is still a lot to do, but we are showing that there is an alternative model to job insecurity: decent work with rights.”

– Addressing a key weakness –

The reform, which took effect on January 1 following a hard-fought deal negotiated between the government, employers’ groups and unions, limits the back-to-back use of temporary contracts and makes permanent contracts the rule rather than the exception. 

This reform “was requested by Brussels”, explained Carlos Victoria, a researcher at the Esade business school, after many Spanish companies got into a habit of “filling existing positions with temporary contracts”.

According to Eurostat, nearly 22 percent of Spanish employees had a temporary contract before the pandemic, compared to an EU average of 14.4 percent. 

For many economists, this phenomenon — brought about by a 2012 law by a conservative government to boost employment after the financial crisis — has been one of the main weaknesses of the Spanish labour market.

But observers are divided whether the reform can cure the fragility in the Spanish labour market. 

– ‘Dressed up’ reality? – 

For the UGT General Union of Workers, the results of the first half of 2022 “confirm that the new labour reform is proving to be effective in improving the quality of employment”. 

But the USO union said that 60 percent of the permanent contracts signed in June were for “part-time” work, or so-called “discontinuous fixed contracts” where an employee becomes a permanent staff member, but only works during certain months of the year. 

“The permanent discontinuous contracts are the new temporary contracts… completely perverting” the figures, said USO’s secretary-general Joaquin Perez. 

For the right-wing opposition Popular Party, the reform was more a bit of window-dressing.

“There is a reality that is dressed up,” said the PP’s number two, Cuca Gamarra, who accused the government this week of presenting what appeared to be permanent contracts “which in essence were not”. 

The increase in discontinuous fixed contracts, however, was only a part of the story, according to Esade researcher Victoria.  

The labour reform had led to “a net creation of permanent employment” and “greater protection, and even greater stability” for temporary workers, he said.

Nothing suggests, however, that the trend will continue in the coming months. 

“We are in a period of great economic uncertainty”, notably with very high inflation, Victoria said.

UK PM Johnson on the brink over ministerial resignations

Boris Johnson’s position as UK prime minister was on the brink on Wednesday, after two of his senior ministers quit in protest at his scandal-hit leadership, piling on pressure as he faced a grilling from angry MPs.

The 58-year-old leader’s grip on power became more precarious within 10 short minutes on Tuesday night, when Rishi Sunak resigned as finance minister and Sajid Javid quit as health secretary.

Both said they could no longer tolerate the culture of scandal that has stalked Johnson for months, including lockdown lawbreaking in Downing Street that enraged the public who followed the rules.

Sunak and Javid will now sit on the Conservative back benches at the weekly session of Prime Minister’s Questions at 1100 GMT, which promises to be even more combustible than usual.

Johnson then faces an hours-long grilling from the chairs of the House of Commons’ most powerful committees, who include some of his most virulent critics in the Tory ranks.

The exits of Sunak and Javid came just minutes after Johnson apologised for appointing a senior Conservative, who quit his post last week after he was accused of drunkenly groping two men.

Former education secretary Nadhim Zahawi was handed the finance brief. “You don’t go into this job to have an easy life,” Zahawi told Sky News on Wednesday. 

“Sometimes it’s easy to walk away but actually, it’s much tougher to deliver for the country.”

– Challenge –

Days of shifting explanations had followed the resignation of deputy chief whip Chris Pincher. Downing Street at first denied Johnson knew of prior allegations against Pincher when appointing him in February.

But by Tuesday, that defence had collapsed after a former top civil servant said Johnson, as foreign minister, was told in 2019 about another incident involving his ally.

Minister for children and families Will Quince quit on Wednesday, saying he was given the inaccurate information before having to defend the government in a round of media interviews on Monday.

Junior transport minister Laura Trott quit at the same time, saying the government was fuelling a lack of “trust” in the government. 

The Pincher affair was the “icing on the cake” for Sunak and Javid, Tory MP Andrew Bridgen, a strident Johnson critic, told Sky News.

“I and a lot of the party now are determined that he will be gone by the summer recess (starting on July 22): the sooner the better.”

The resignations dominated the British media, with even some of Johnson’s staunchest newspaper backers doubting whether he could survive the fall-out.

Other senior cabinet ministers, including Foreign Secretary Liz Truss and Defence Secretary Ben Wallace, still back Johnson, but many were wondering how long that may last.  

Johnson only narrowly survived a no-confidence vote among Conservative MPs a month ago, which ordinarily would mean he could not be challenged again for another year.

But the influential “1922 Committee” of non-ministerial Tory MPs is reportedly seeking to change the rules.

– ‘Local difficulties’ –

Jacob Rees-Mogg, a doggedly loyal cabinet ally and Johnson’s “minister for Brexit opportunities” dismissed the resignations as “little local difficulties”.

“Losing chancellors is something that happens,” he said on Sky News, pointing to past Tory leaders — although Margaret Thatcher was ultimately felled by a cabinet revolt by top allies.

Sunak’s departure in particular, in the middle of policy differences over a cost-of-living crisis sweeping Britain, is dismal news for Johnson.

Johnson, who received a police fine for the so-called “Partygate” affair, faces a parliamentary probe into whether he lied to MPs about the revelations.

Pincher’s departure from the whips’ office — charged with enforcing party discipline and standards — marked yet another allegation of sexual misconduct by Tories in recent months, recalling the “sleaze” that dogged John Major’s government in the 1990s.

Conservative MP Neil Parish resigned in April after he was caught watching pornography on his mobile phone in the House of Commons.

That prompted a by-election in his previously safe seat, which the party went on to lose in a historic victory for the opposition Liberal Democrats.

Labour, the main opposition party, defeated the Conservatives in another by-election in northern England on the same day, prompted by the conviction of its Tory MP for sexual assault.

Asia stocks drop, euro stuck at 20-year low on recession fear

Equities mostly fell in Asia on Wednesday and the euro wallowed at a 20-year low as recession fears flowed through markets, while political uncertainty hit the pound as UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson suffered a series of resignations.

Adding to the uncertainty was a fresh flare-up of coronavirus cases in parts of China that has seen some cities locked down as part of officials’ zero-Covid policy, reviving bad memories about strict measures in Shanghai and Beijing earlier this year that hammered the economy.

Investors are growing increasingly concerned that sharp central bank interest rate hikes aimed at fighting decades-high inflation will lead to a contraction in leading economies, while a worsening energy crisis is compounding the problem in Europe.

While there was a little help from speculation that US President Joe Biden was considering removing some Trump-era tariffs on Chinese goods, equities struggled.

Hong Kong, Tokyo, Shanghai, Sydney, Seoul, Taipei and Jakarta all sank, though Wellington, Bangkok, Manila and Mumbai saw gains.

London, Paris and Frankfurt rose after suffering hefty losses Tuesday.

Investors were racing “to price in both a US recession… and also the potential for wider virus restrictions in China following overnight developments”, OANDA’s Jeffrey Halley said.

“The prospect of more covid zero restrictions in China is an unwelcome dose of reality for Asia and is certainly carrying more weight, although Asian currency weakness is also in play,” he said in a note.

Both main crude contracts edged up after being pummelled Tuesday, when WTI sank nearly nine percent below $100 a barrel for the first time since April and Brent shed around 10 percent.

Those losses came on expectations that any recession will slam demand, despite tight supplies caused by Russia’s war in Ukraine.

And Citigroup said in a note that a recession could lead prices to drop as low as $65 this year if OPEC and other major producers do not step in to provide support and companies do not invest.

There are also signs that the high cost of fuel is hurting demand, in turn pushing prices down. Earlier this week, the head of Asia at crude trading giant Vitol said he saw signs consumers were beginning to feel the pressure of high prices — a phenomenon known as demand destruction.

– Euro-dollar parity eyed –

Still, Goldman Sachs said it thought the commodity would remain elevated.

“While the odds of a recession are indeed rising, it is premature for the oil market to be succumbing to such concerns,” the bank’s analysts including Damien Courvalin said in a note. 

“The global economy is still growing, with the rise in oil demand this year set to significantly outperform GDP growth.”

Commentators said falling oil prices and the prospect of a recession could give central banks room to ease up on their monetary tightening campaigns, which could provide some relief to equities.

US Treasury yields, a proxy for interest rates and a go-to in times of uncertainty, have tumbled on the prospect of a contraction in recent days.

“Markets are saying recession is coming, inflation will slow down, commodities will fall and the Fed will cut rates in 2023,” said Gang Hu, at Winshore Capital Partners.

He said it was hard to go against the view “because this storyline is consistent. It can be a self-fulfilling process”.

The euro remained stuck at 2002 lows and appeared to be heading towards parity with the dollar after hitting a 20-year low owing to the European Central Bank’s decision not to lift interest rates until this month, lagging the Fed’s fast pace of hikes that have sent the dollar soaring.

The continent also faces an energy crisis caused by sanctions on Russian fuel over its invasion of Ukraine.

“The euro has depreciated sharply due to a toxic cocktail of negative drivers,” said SPI Asset Management’s Stephen Innes.

“An oddly hesitant ECB contrasts with a more aggressive Fed, worries about natural gas supply disruption and economic recession are deepening.” 

And he warned further falls could be on the way for the single currency. 

“We have unlikely reached maximum uncertainty and total negativity, which opens the door to a test below sub-parity. So with the euro-dollar in the mid-1.02s, it might not be too late to punch your ticket for a ride on the parity party bandwagon.”

The pound briefly fell to a two-year low of $1.1899 after Johnson’s finance chief and interior minister both resigned — followed by several aides — saying they could no longer tolerate the culture of scandal that has stalked Number 10 for several months.

The news got worse Wednesday with news that two more ministers had stepped down, leaving Johnson fighting for his political life.

– Key figures at around 0810 GMT –

Tokyo – Nikkei 225: DOWN 1.2 percent at 26,107.65 (close)

Hong Kong – Hang Seng Index: DOWN 1.2 percent at 21,586.66 (close)

Shanghai – Composite: DOWN 1.4 percent at 3,355.35 (close)

London – FTSE 100: UP 2.4 percent at 7,195.65

Euro/dollar: DOWN at $1.0258 from $1.0266 Tuesday

Euro/pound: DOWN at 85.70 pence from 85.85 pence

Dollar/yen: UP at 135.43 yen from 135.87 yen

Pound/dollar: UP at $1.1964 from $1.1956

West Texas Intermediate: UP 1.7 percent at $101.18 per barrel

Brent North Sea crude: UP 2.2 percent at $105.06 per barrel

New York – Dow: DOWN 0.4 percent 30.967,82 (close)

Picky eaters: Japan penguins piqued by penny-pinching zoo

Picky penguins and ornery otters at a Japanese aquarium are facing the effects of inflation, refusing the new bargain bites their keepers are now offering after a jump in prices.

As part of a belt-tightening effort, the Hakone-en aquarium in central Japan’s Kanagawa region has scrapped some of its traditional and more expensive horse mackerel in favour of cheaper mackerel.

But the menu change has not been received with universal approval, with some penguins resolutely turning their beaks up when the mackerel is proffered.

“They take it into their mouths at first, but then they decide they don’t like it and drop it,” aquarium head Hiroki Shimamoto told AFP.

He speculates that the uncompromising penguins may have taken issue with the size of their new meals, which are bigger than their standard fare.    

“They sense something is off,” he said.  

The problem is even more acute among the aquarium’s otters, who have uniformly rejected the cheaper fish, Shimamoto added. 

The facility said it made the switch after horse mackerel prices rocketed up about 20-30 percent from last year, in part because of low catches.

The aquarium is still purchasing some horse mackerel for its feed, but has no plans to revert back entirely until prices fall, Shimamoto said.

“It all depends on when things get back to normal.”

UK PM Johnson faces parliamentary inquisition after top ministers quit

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson faces two high-stakes encounters in parliament on Wednesday after his government was rocked by the shock departures of two senior ministers.

Rishi Sunak resigned as finance minister and Sajid Javid as health secretary on Tuesday night. Both said they could no longer tolerate the culture of scandal that has stalked Johnson for months.

They will now sit on the Conservative back benches at the weekly session of Prime Minister’s Questions in the House of Commons at 1100 GMT — which promises to be even more combustible than usual.

Johnson then faces an hours-long grilling from the chairs of the Commons’ most powerful committees, who include some of his most virulent critics in the Tory ranks.

The exits of Sunak and Javid were announced minutes after the prime minister apologised for appointing a senior Conservative, who quit last week after he was accused of drunkenly groping two men.

Former education secretary Nadhim Zahawi has been elevated to the finance brief.

“You don’t go into this job to have an easy life,” Zahawi told Sky News on Wednesday. 

“Sometimes it’s easy to walk away but actually, it’s much tougher to deliver for the country,” he added.

Days of shifting explanations had followed the resignation of deputy chief whip Chris Pincher. Downing Street at first denied Johnson knew of prior allegations against Pincher when appointing him in February.

But by Tuesday, that defence had collapsed after a former top civil servant said Johnson, as foreign minister, was told in 2019 about another incident involving his ally.

The Pincher affair was the “icing on the cake” for Sunak and Javid, Tory MP Andrew Bridgen, a Johnson critic, told Sky News.

“I and a lot of the party now are determined that he will be gone by the summer recess (starting on July 22): the sooner the better.”

The resignations dominated British newspaper front pages. The Times ran with headline “Johnson on the brink,” while the conservative Daily Mail tabloid was more colourful: “Can even Boris the Greased Piglet wriggle out of this?”

Former loyalist and Brexit pointman David Frost, influential among Tory grassroot members, also wrote in the Daily Telegraph on Wednesday “it is time to go”.

“The repetition of the same mistakes, and the refusal to acknowledge the need for change, means that this Prime Minister is never going to get better.” 

The resignations came after Johnson only narrowly survived a no-confidence vote among Conservative MPs a month ago.

Other cabinet members, including Foreign Secretary Liz Truss and Defence Secretary Ben Wallace — two likely contenders for the leadership — continue to back Johnson, aides said.

– Humility? –

Jacob Rees-Mogg, a doggedly loyal cabinet ally, dismissed the resignations as “little local difficulties”.

“Losing chancellors is something that happens,” he said on Sky News, pointing to past Tory leaders — although Margaret Thatcher was ultimately felled by a cabinet revolt by top allies.

Sunak’s departure in particular, in the middle of policy differences over a cost-of-living crisis sweeping Britain, is dismal news for Johnson.

The chancellor of the exchequer said “the public rightly expect government to be conducted properly, competently and seriously”.

“I believe these standards are worth fighting for and that is why I am resigning,” Sunak wrote to Johnson.

Javid preceded Sunak at the Treasury before quitting over a prior bust-up with Johnson.

He wrote that the prime minister’s survival in last month’s no-confidence vote gave him the opportunity to show “humility, grip and new direction”.

“I regret to say, however, that it is clear to me that this situation will not change under your leadership — and you have therefore lost my confidence too.”

– ‘Collapsing’ –

Johnson has been embroiled in various scandals, above all the so-called “Partygate” affair, which saw him receive a police fine for breaking his own coronavirus lockdown restrictions in Downing Street.

The 58-year-old premier still faces a parliamentary probe into whether he lied to MPs over the lockdown-breaching parties in Downing Street.

Pincher’s departure from the whips’ office — charged with enforcing party discipline and standards — marked yet another allegation of sexual misconduct by Tories in recent months.

Conservative MP Neil Parish resigned in April after he was caught watching pornography on his mobile phone in the House of Commons.

That prompted a by-election in his previously safe seat, which the party went on to lose in a historic victory for the opposition Liberal Democrats.

Labour, the main opposition party, defeated the Conservatives in another by-election in northern England on the same day, prompted by the conviction of its Tory MP for sexual assault.

Twitter challenges Indian orders to block content: reports

Twitter is challenging the Indian government’s orders to block content on its social media site in court, local media reported Wednesday citing legal documents. 

The suit is the latest showdown between Twitter and Indian authorities, which have been accused of muzzling criticism both on and offline.

In the case filed with a court in Bangalore, the social media giant alleged that the basis on which multiple accounts and content flagged by the government was either “overbroad and arbitrary” and “disproportionate”, the Indian Express daily reported.

The social media giant submitted to the Karnataka state high court that the ministry had failed to prove how some of the content it wanted taken down violated IT rules, the newspaper quoted sources as saying.

Last week Twitter confirmed that India had directed it to locally censor accounts and dozens of posts, including some talking about declining internet freedom in the world’s biggest democracy.

Others were accounts operated by the Pakistani government, sparking an angry response from Islamabad.

Twitter and the Indian government declined to comment on the court case.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Hindu nationalist government has sought in recent years to have more control over content on social media in India, where Twitter has over 20 million users.

Last year as India saw massive anti-government protests by farmers, Twitter was ordered to take down dozens of accounts for supporting the demonstrations. 

But the US firm reinstated them, angering the government.

An Indian climate activist was also arrested in February 2021 on sedition charges for helping to edit a protest “tool kit” that was tweeted by Greta Thunberg.

New Delhi has accused Twitter of deliberately ignoring new IT rules — which critics fear could be used to silence dissent — that came into force in May 2021.

That same month, police paid a visit to its offices in the country after a tweet by a spokesperson for Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party was labelled as “manipulated media” on the platform.

Just before that, the government ordered Twitter and Facebook to remove dozens of posts critical of Modi’s handling of the coronavirus pandemic.

India's 'bulldozer justice' flattens Muslim dissent

After two nights in police custody, Indian teenager Somaiya Fatima was released in time to watch live footage of an excavator claw smashing into the walls of her childhood home.

The residence is among scores of dwellings and businesses flattened by wrecking crews this year, in a campaign authorities have promoted by turns as a battle against illegal construction and a firm response to criminal activity. 

But rights groups have condemned “bulldozer justice” as an unlawful exercise in collective punishment by India’s Hindu nationalist government, and many of the campaign’s victims have one thing in common. 

“We are Muslims and that’s why we are being targeted,” Fatima told AFP.

The 19-year-old was arrested along with her family after her father was accused of masterminding a large public protest in the northern city of Allahabad last month.

It was one of several rallies across India last month condemning a ruling party spokeswoman whose provocative comments about the Prophet Mohammed during a televised debate sparked anger across the Muslim world.

The day Fatima was released, she was sitting in a relative’s living room when she came across footage of her home’s destruction on her phone. 

She said the demolition was a lesson for Muslims tempted to “speak up” against the government.

“They’ve instilled fear in an entire community,” she said. “Everyone now looks at their home and thinks that if it happened to us, it can happen to them also.”

– ‘No empathy’ –

Fatima’s home state of Uttar Pradesh is governed by Yogi Adityanath, a saffron-robed Hindu monk seen as a potential successor to Prime Minister Narendra Modi. 

In office he has championed the bulldozer as a symbol of his commitment to law and order and as a potential tool to use against “trouble-makers”.

Adityanath’s acolytes celebrated his successful campaign for re-election as chief minister earlier this year by riding on top of excavators, while bulldozer tattoos became a minor craze among supporters of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party.

Since then “bulldozer politics” have spread elsewhere in the country and demolition campaigns have begun quickly following on the heels of outbreaks of religious unrest. 

After a violent confrontation in April between Hindus trailing a religious procession and Muslims holding Ramadan prayers, authorities in Delhi knocked down nearly two dozen Muslim shopfronts and the facade of a mosque, defying a court order to stop.

Officials say the spate of demolitions are lawful as they only target buildings constructed without legal approval.

But victims of the campaign deny that their dwellings are illegal, and say they are not given the legally required notice period to dispute demolition orders. 

Fatima’s house was demolished “in the presence of hundreds of police and hundreds of cameras, with no empathy,” KK Rai, a lawyer for Fatima’s father, told AFP. 

“There is no comparison for this ruthlessness.”

Critics of the government say the campaign is the latest manifestation of the BJP’s discriminatory policies towards India’s 200 million-strong Muslim minority community.

“They have an ideological commitment that in India they have to make Muslims a second-class citizen, socially humiliate them and destroy their property,” Rai said. 

Amnesty International said last month that the demolitions were part of a selective and “vicious” crackdown on Indian Muslims who dared to speak up against the discrimination they faced.

– ‘Sleepless nights’ –

Many Muslims living in Uttar Pradesh now fear their own homes are being earmarked for destruction after their family members participated in last month’s protests. 

“Now we have sleepless nights and restless days,” said Mohd Javed, a resident of Saharanpur, who received an order to vacate his house soon after his brother was arrested for joining a demonstration in that city.

One week after Fatima’s arrest, a bulldozer remained parked outside the police station near where her home once stood.

The pile of bricks and concrete in its stead has heightened her own sense of belonging to a pariah community. 

She recalled watching her home being torn down on a news channel’s YouTube livestream, as her phone screen filled up with a flood of comments from the public praising the demolition. 

“I was born there and spent my entire life there,” Fatima said. “But it was evident that people were happy seeing someone’s house being destroyed.”

July 4 gunman charged with seven counts of murder

A 21-year-old man who allegedly opened fire on a July 4 parade in a wealthy Chicago suburb while disguised in women’s clothing was charged with seven counts of first-degree murder on Tuesday, prosecutors said.

Robert Crimo, 21, was arrested on Monday, several hours after the attack on a festive Independence Day crowd.

“There will be more charges,” Lake County State’s Attorney Eric Rinehart told reporters. “We anticipate dozens of more charges centered around each of the victims.”

Police spokesman Christopher Covelli said the death toll rose to seven on Tuesday after one of the wounded victims died in hospital. More than 35 people were injured.

Among the dead were Kevin McCarthy, 37, and his wife, Irina, 35 — the parents of a two-year-old boy who was found wandering alone after the shooting, according to CBS News.

Covelli said no motive had been established for the attack, which sent panicked parade-goers fleeing for their lives.

“We do believe Crimo pre-planned this attack for several weeks,” and that he acted alone, he said.

“We have no information to suggest at this point it was racially motivated, motivated by religion or any other protected status,” he added.

He said Crimo has a history of mental health issues and threatening behavior.

Police had been called twice to Crimo’s home in 2019, once to investigate a suicide attempt and the second time because a relative said he had threatened to “kill everyone” in the family, he said.

Police removed 16 knives, a dagger and a sword from the home but did not make any arrests, he said.

Covelli said Crimo used a fire escape to access the roof of a building overlooking the parade route and fired more than 70 rounds from a rifle “similar to an AR-15,” one of several guns he had purchased legally.

“Crimo was dressed in women’s clothing and investigators believe he did this to conceal his facial tattoos and his identity and help him during the escape with the other people who were fleeing the chaos,” he said.

– ‘Still reeling’ –

Covelli said Crimo went to his mother’s nearby home after the shooting and borrowed her car. He was captured about eight hours later after a brief chase.

He also said the authorities were investigating disturbing online posts and videos made by Crimo.

The shooting has left the upscale suburb in shock.

“We’re all still reeling,” Mayor Nancy Rotering told NBC’s Today show. “Everybody knows somebody who was affected by this directly.”

The mayor said she personally knew the suspected gunman when he was a young boy in the Cub Scouts.

“How did somebody become this angry, this hateful to then take it out on innocent people who literally were just having a family day out?” Rotering asked.

Crimo, whose father unsuccessfully ran for mayor and owns a store in Highland Park called Bob’s Pantry and Deli, was an amateur musician billing himself as “Awake the Rapper.”

The younger Crimo’s online postings include violent content that alluded to guns and shootings.

One YouTube video posted eight months ago featured cartoons of a gunman and people being shot.

“I need to just do it,” a voice-over says.

It adds: “It is my destiny. Everything has led up to this. Nothing can stop me, not even myself.”

Crimo, who has the word “Awake” tattooed over an eyebrow, is seen sporting an “FBI” hat in numerous photos and a Trump flag as a cape in one picture.

The shooting is the latest in a wave of gun violence plaguing the United States, where approximately 40,000 deaths a year are caused by firearms, according to the Gun Violence Archive.

– ‘Epidemic of gun violence’ –

The deeply divisive debate over gun control was reignited by two massacres in May that saw 10 Black people gunned down at an upstate New York supermarket, and 19 children and two teachers slain at an elementary school in Texas.

Vice President Kamala Harris, who was in Chicago Tuesday for a summit of the nation’s largest teachers’ union, said the Texas shooting was a reminder “of the risks that our children and our educators face every day,” and renewed a call for Congress to ban assault weapons.

Speaking later at the scene of the Highland Park shooting, Harris said: “The whole nation should understand… that this could happen anywhere, in any peace-loving community.”

The Highland Park shooting cast a pall over Independence Day, when towns and cities across the United States hold parades and people attend barbecues, sporting events and fireworks displays.

In another July 4 shooting, two police officers were wounded when they came under fire during a fireworks show in Philadelphia, officials said.

In Highland Park, Emily Prazak, who marched in the parade, described the mayhem.

“We heard the pop, pop, pop, pop, pop, and I thought it was fireworks,” Prazak said.

Cassie Goldstein, another survivor of the attack, told local media she had seen her mother die as they fled the shooting.

“I started running with her, we were next to each other, and he shot her in the chest, and she fell down and I knew she was dead,” the 22-year-old told NBC News.

“So I just told her that I loved her, but I couldn’t stop because he was still shooting everyone next to me.”

President Joe Biden vowed to keep fighting “the epidemic of gun violence.”

Last week, he signed the first significant federal bill on gun safety in decades, just days after the Supreme Court ruled that Americans have a fundamental right to carry a handgun in public.

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